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I'm not an expert and don't have a solid answer, but I think you might be okay. Putting 4K down on an 8K car with 24K in yearly income is great. It's the credit history which could hurt you. If you had a better history with that down payment and income you should be set.
Welcome!
Seems like you have everything going for you besides that CO from Amazon. Everything you've stated seems pretty straight forward, any dealership should be able to get you approved (however most banks have minimums on the loan amount, usually $5,000 min loan). Be prepared though that you IR isn't going to be great. IMO, I'm not sure you're already apart of a credit union (if not I would look into something local) and apply for membership. I think you'll have the best luck of getting a lower IR through a CU. Just be open and honest about what happened.
Have you paid that $30 collection account? If not do that asap!
More than likely its been sold to a collections agency, if you're using CK you should be able to pull EQ and Tu report for free. Pull it and look at the company reporting for CO. IT should have contact info, if not google should do the trick. If you need any further help let me know.
I know its been a few days since your last post but I thought I would chime in. I strongly suggest you visit the rebuilding section of this site, you will find plenty of information on how to address your credit issues which can have a tremendous impact on your future. Unfortunately kids are not taught anything about credit in school (this is a subject every student should be educated on) and since credit dings hit you for 7 years they can have a huge impact on what you can and cannot do and what it costs to do it. One thing you should do for sure if get your free annual credit reports from all three agencies to know exactly what is and is not on your credit report and then visit the folks in rebuiliding and they will get you on the right track.