Yes, they can.
First, you apparently acknowledge the legitimacy of the debt, so how and why was the reporting of the prior debt collector asserted as inaccurate in any dispute?
Did you file a dispute with them of the accuracy of their reporting, and was their deletion made as a result of their acknowledgment of inaccuracy, or did they just delete for some reason of which you are not aware? If you did not dispute its accuracy, any deletion they made cannot be considered as resulting from a resolution of a dispute of its accuracy in your favor. What dd you dispute, and how was it resolved?
Debt collectors delete for many reasons. They might just want to discontinue collection, and either return it to the OC if an assigned collection, or sell the debt to another debt collector if they owned it. Neither of those establish improper reporting.
The debt is still there. Prior CR deletion does not delete the debt. If a new debt collector purchases the debt, they are entitled to report their collection on the debt.
If the prior deletions by another were not directly as a result of a finding in a dispute resolution that it was inaccurately reported, the new debt collector is free to report without restriction.
Double jeopardy is a point of constitutional law that only applies to jeopardy for retrial in criminal proceedings against you when a prior court has entered a verdict of not guilty.
