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That new of a major derogatory will almost certainly hold your score down. Even though they fade with age, they will negatively impact your score for almost 7 years.
It's my understanding that a 180 day late (or is it as low as 120?) is the equivalent of a foreclosure, in credit reporting terms, and it isn't even a year old.
Also, you have a chargeoff, less than a year old.
Also, it sounds like you have no open revolving credit at all.
Each of these things is holding your score back. 15 180 day lates aren't necessarily any worse than 1 180 day late, especially if the 1 left is from less than a year ago.
I'd ask on the mortgage boards how recent a 180 day late can be and still get approved for a mortgage. With that on your record that recently, it may not matter where your score is.
Plus, if you don't have any revolving credit at all, you're missing out on 30% of your score.
You said that was the case on your Direct Loans and that you still had a 180 day late from Sallie Mae. Did I read that wrong? How many 180 day lates do you have on your current reports?
Most recent date of a Perkins 180, most recent date of a Direct 180, most recent date of the current Sallie Mae 180....
That would explain why it didn't change your score.
Keep working on Sallie Mae, and start goodwilling that chargeoff. Also, consider opening a secured credit card. Check the credit card boards for suggestions.
If those loans are the only thing being reported on all your CR's that is why you are not seeing a bump as fast. You need some type of revolving credit, Installment loans have very little affect on fico scoring. Fico like to see credit being utilized every month.