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I'd focus on repair before improving your existing credit. You'll find as the baddies are taken care of, you FICO will increase and you'll get approved for bigger/better credit. Also taking the time for repair will increase your length of credit history and that'll help too. Check out the Rebuilding your Credit board for more info on repair.
On your cards, pay all of them to $0, except for one, and get the one to report a balance of under 9% of the CL. You'll find that if you were to app again in the future, the reason #3 will disappear and that'll improve future odds. Sounds like you applied when balances were too high. On the APR, your interest can effectively be 0%. Just pay it off before each statement.
Your SLs are ok as is.
Lenders report once per month. With CCs in particular, they report only once per month and they will report the balance you had on their statement date (typically...there are a couple of oddballs out there). So, if you want $0 to report, make sure your payment clears prior to the statement date. You can look at your statement history and have an idea of that date. So whatever is reporting on your statement, it will also appear on your CR. Your credit reports will typically update that statement balance beginning 2-3-4 days from the statement date.