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I've been doing collections for 12 years, so this is what I know and can share.
If your income is just the few hours a week you work then a collector can issue a garn to your employer, but they won't get anything since you'll be below the exemption limit. If those funds are deposited into your bank account, they then however are free game. If a collection agency issues a garn against your bank then they can take 100% of whatever is in there at the time of issuence of the garn.
If you are able to get on SSI or Disability then 100% of those funds are exempt, if a garn was issued to your bank they wouldn't send them to the collection agency. However, if it's co-mingled funds, like you get SSI or Disability and you deposited a check that wasn't wages, or possibly payroll then all those funds could be taken.
You can call everyone and tell them that you can't pay them, but it really won't do anything. Cap one will just eventually charge off your account, sell it to a 3rd party collection agency who will just harass you, might sue you, but if you aren't working even if they get a judgment they can't realy do much about it. Personally if I were you I would stop paying your debts if you haven't already. I googled and it seems like in MN they have 6 years to collect your debt. That would be from the last payment you made. If you make any sort of a payment to the debt, it them re bumps up the last payment date, giving the collectors longer to collect from you.
If you haven't already, it might be worth seeing if the hospital or whomever you're going to for medical has any sort of assistance programs. They have to write off so much debt a year in "assistance" for tax purposes so it might be worth a shot.
I haven't heard of anything being filed to block you from BK again in a few years.
I don't know anything about the credit card debt and collections process, but the non-profit hospitals here have a financial assistance program you can apply for and if your income is low enough, (which I'm sure yours is at this point) they will forgive a portion if not all of your hospital bill. Our hospital also had a medication assistance program where many medications can be obtained for $5 a month.