The FCRA does not provide any formal appeal process from a decision on a dispute.
It additionally permits a second dispute that is substantially the same as a prior, concluded dispute to be dismissed without any second investigation on the basis that it is "frivolous of irrelevant."
You thus cannot simply continue to file the same dispute anew and have it considered.
Thus, while you can always choose to submit a renewed dispute on the same basis, it can be dismissed without having to conduct a second investigation on the same basis. You would need additional evidence or basis for any renewed dispute to avoid summary dismissal.
In the posted scenario, the dispute resolution that adds new, inaccurate information clearly gives rise to filing a second dispute directed at the newly posted inaccuracy, as that would not be a duplicate dispute on "substantailly the same basis." That would be my recommendation before pursing any CFPB complaint or civil action.
Rather, the FCRA provides two alternate paths for pursing what is considered to be an improper finding in a dispute.
One is to pursue administratively if you feel that the decision can clearly be shown to be inconsistent with the FCRA or federal regulations, and the other is to seek review of a finding of a dispute that the contested information is considered to be inaccurate,notwithstanding the verification provided by the furnisher of the reported information.
Administrative review of clear errors in application of the law is sought by way of filing a complaint with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), who has administrative oversight over the FCRA and FDCPA.
While a CFPB complaint is usually taken very seriously by the furnisher, the Bureau ultimately cannot compel compliance with any finding they make without filing a civil action with the courts on behalf of the consumer, which they rarely if ever do. They, as a matter of internal policy, will usually only move to filing a civil complaint if the issue involves either repeated violations, or it affects a broad base of consumers.
Review by the courts can be sougjt by a consumer on their own only after they have first filed a formal dispute with the CRA and received verification of accuracy of the disputed information. FCRA 623(c).
The civil action then contests the reasonableness of the furnisher's investigation of the dispute.
Due to the inherent cost in both time and money of filing a civil suit, most consumers dont take that route to contest the finding of a dispute. Rather, they will begin by informal calls in an attempt to get reconsideration, or they will file a formal complaint with the CFPB and hope that it will pursuade the furnisher as to the err of their ways.
