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Discover is very unlikely to give you a CLI with your debts so high.
Your best course of action with your cards so high is to pay off as many of them as possible.
I would pay the $500 Chase and $1950 Elan in full and then maybe pay some of your other cards below the 88.9% maxed out threshold but at this point I would be concerned that as soon as you do that, your limits will just get slashed and max you out again (which is why I suggested just paying off cards instead of working to bring them below max but you can try this route as well) so maybe just put that last ~$2000 towards that crazy high interest loan or even consider all of it going towards that crazy high interest loan.
I would honestly knock out the Lending Tree loan ASAP because with your cards so high, I’m not sure that you won’t have CLD and potential closures as you pay them down.
There is no firm answer.
It is a decision between whether to reduce balances, and thus accrual of interest, or to improve credit score.
Take, for example, a high interest loan.
Paying will reduce overall interest paid, and thus represent a substantial cash savings, but paying down installment loans does not have significaant impact on credit score.
While both the current % util of revolving accounts and the current remaining balance of installment loans as a percent of original loan amount are part of the scoring under the util of credit category, Fair Isaac has clearly stated, and anecdotal experiences confirm, that % util of revolving debt has substantially higher scoring impact than % balance remaining for installment loans.
Paying down revolving util is almost always preferable in improving credit score ,but may not always be the best financial decision as it relates to total interest paid.
Unless you have an urgent short term need to maximize your score, I'm with the camp that says pay the loan and let the credit score be a longer term project.
You suggested the loan payment was $408/month, that would leave three payments after applying your bonus money. From there, you can use that extra $400 against the lowest balances to show some progress, and reduce your monthly mininum even more, or at least have enough cushion so that you aren't continuing to charge monthly expenses on your cards.
You should probably Dave Ramsey your debt (I'm taking about the snowball method).