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We just went through paying off cc debt. We paid BEFORE the statement cut so that zero balances would be reported. Then we had to wait for the cc companies to report to the CRAs. In all, it took us about 3 weeks for the scores to rise significantly.
Your timeframe will depend upon how many cards you are paying off. You'll have to check statement cut dates, and you'll have to find out when they report to the CRAs.
Getting your FICO scores up takes patience.