If it's a legitimate account itself that you own and claim (meaning you acknowledge you opened the account and it's yours), but someone made a fraudulent charge with that account, it should not have any impact on score. Those types of fraud issues don't get reported to the CRAs.
If you reported your Capital One card as fraudulent and not opened by you to the CRA, those balances should be not counted while it's under investigation.
Now... in terms of UTILIZATION. It depends on how your credit card company handles fraud. If they give you a provisional credit, that credit would obviously negate the amount of the fraudulent transaction. Meaning your acount ledger would look something like:
1/1 FRAUD TRANSACTION $100.00
1/5 PROVISIONAL CREDIT -$100.00
The credit would zero out the balance and not impact your utilization in any way. Once the investigation is complete, the provisional credit remains and becomes permanent. If the investigation is completed and not found in your favor, the credit is removed and the balance is owed.
Now... if the credit company does an investigation and does not provide a temporary credit, it CAN impact your utilization. While they cannot penalize you for the amount under dispute and you don't have to pay it, your available credit and total balance might not accurately reflect until the investigation is comnplete.
