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I see that CK considers a good number of active accounts to be 21+ So does the number of accounts really affect credit score?
Lets say I have 3 credit cards and no other history and always pay in full. If my friend had 5 cards and had the exact same everything as me except number of cards, would his score be better than mine after one year?
A typical number of recommended cards to optimize scoring is around three.
@creditconcept wrote:I see that CK considers a good number of active accounts to be 21+ So does the number of accounts really affect credit score?
Lets say I have 3 credit cards and no other history and always pay in full. If my friend had 5 cards and had the exact same everything as me except number of cards, would his score be better than mine after one year?
CK uses a reverse looking premise: high scoring credit people in their algorithm have generally been using credit for a while and therefore have lots of accounts on their record. It's a sloppy analysis frankly, using results to generate the data... even if I once did that in a lower division Physics lab myself
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FICO doesn't really care, anything beyond 3 revolving accounts appears to be pretty moot from a scoring perspective. You might build up payment history a little faster if we're talking building out of no/thin file situations, but there's massive diminishing returns all over the algorithm.
I would state that you want at least 4 tradelines active, and at least 3 of those should be revolving accounts (hard to do less than half reporting a balance with less than that); this measurement though is more from an underwriting perspective as the classical definition of thin file is <4 accounts by most standards, even 2 credit cards is all that's really "needed" to get to 760+, but I'd suggest it's a quicker walk with a few more cards and also an installment loan or two.
ETA: I'd love if we ever got the chance to do that sort of testing as you suggest - maybe if I ever have kids when they turn 18 I'll use them as lab rats hahaha.

A few things to keep in mind that could matter to some people but not to others-
Say you have five accounts from 2004, and today you want to open up a new account for some reason. You will be better off than a friend who has two accounts from 2004 and wants to open a new account today, because your average age of account will not be hurt as much. However, it's hard to plan stuff like that.
Also, depending on your utilization, having more cards can help bump your limits up and bring your utilization down if you're hovering >10% beforehand.
Also, there's a portion of the FICO score that has to do with "number of accounts reporting a balance" and I think that two out of five cards reporting is better than two out of two cards reporting.
But if everything else is equal - utilization, % of accounts reporting, etc. - I don't think the actual number of accounts matters.